Evolutionary Game-Based Research on Risk Sharing in Major Projects under the EPC+PPP Mode Considering Secondary Risks

Existing research on risk sharing management often ignores the adverse consequences of secondary risks. This study addresses risks that emerge from implementation specific mitigation measures. Addressing limitations existing overlooks and exploring impact outcome sharing, this paper integrates into a game model examines between public private sectors in EPC+PPP projects. Utilizing risk-control benefit model, an evolutionary is established to determine stability strategy under various conditions. encompasses factors such as project income distribution, control capability, imbalanced status, compensation. The findings indicate risk-sharing strategies both parties. Furthermore, stronger ability correlates with greater inclination toward risk-taking. sector can motivate for through compensation, discernible lower limit. Ultimately, becomes active choice entities when cost below difference returns